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Adjectives

Adjectives

Adjectives are words that describe or modify the noun or pronoun in a sentence.
E.g.
She is a very kind lady.
In the above-mentioned sentence, ‘kind is an adjective which is modifying the noun ‘lady’.

Order of adjectives:
• If adjective of size, colour, age, etc. come together in a sentence, they should be used in the following order:

Relating to  Example
Opinion Beautiful, lovely, extraordinary
Size Big, large, small
Physical quality Rough, tidy, thin 
Shape Square, round, rectangular
Age Young, old
Colour blue, red, pink
Origin Dutch, Japanese, Turkish
Material metal, wood, plastic
type general-purpose, four-sided, U-shaped
Purpose  cleaning, hammering, cooking

Important rules on adjectives:
• Adjective of quantity like much, little, enough, sufficient, whole, etc. must be used with uncountable nouns only as they express quantity and not number.
• There is little milk in the jug.

• Few, a few and the few are used with countable nouns whereas little, a little and the little are used with uncountable nouns.
• Adjectives of number should be used with countable nouns only and not with uncountable nouns because they indicate number rather than quantity.
• Many birds are flying in the sky.

• Some words like superior, senior, junior, inferior, prior, anterior, exterior, posterior, etc. are followed by ‘to’ and not by ‘than’.
• She is junior to me.

• Double comparatives are not used in a sentence.
• Akash is more cleverer than you.

• We do not use comparative or superlative degree with some adjectives such as unique, complete, round, perfect, ideal, full, chief, extreme, infinite, entire, etc.
• When two things of same class are compared using ‘any’, then one thing is excluded from the other using ‘other’.
• Gold is more precious than any other metal.

• ‘Some’ is used in affirmative sentences and ‘any’ is used in negative and interrogative sentences.
• Do you need anything?
• I need some water.


Exercise

Identify the part of the sentence that contains a grammatical error.

1. (A) The two first chapter (B)/ of this book are very (C)/ difficult as well as important. (D)/ No error
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

2. (A) Do you know out of the billions (B)/ of planets in the universe (C)/ how much are suitable for life? (D)/ No error
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

3. (A) It takes only a few (B)/ word of gratitude to express (C)/ your feelings sincerely. (D)/ No error
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

4. (A) In my opinion, Virat Kohli is (B)/ superior than all other (C)/ batsmen in the world. (D)/ No error
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

5. (A) Of these two (B)/ puzzles this one is (C)/ the most difficult. (D)/ No error
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

6. (A) Although his speech was (B)/ not clearly, I understood (C)/ what he wanted to say. (D)/ No error
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

7. (A) Alms are (B)/ given to (C)/ the poors. (D)/ No error
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

8. (A) The number of accidents (B)/ has risen by as many (C)/ as 50 per cent. (D)/ No error
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

9. (A) I saw (B)/ an anxious pale (C)/ girl near the ICU. (D)/ No error
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

10. (A) He is intelligent enough (B)/ to clear this exam (C)/ in his first attempt. (D)/ No error
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

Answers

1. A
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. C
6. B
7. C
8. B
9. B
10. D

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